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Hydrogen in an electrical discharge tube. Hydrogen is a colourless, odourless, and comparatively unreactive diatomic gas with a density of 8.988 × 10 −5 g/cm 3 and is about 14 times lighter than air. It condenses to a colourless liquid −252.879 °C and freezes into an ice- or snow-like solid at −259.16 °C.
The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.
The noble metals are siderophiles (iron-lovers). They tend to sink into the Earth's core because they dissolve readily in iron either as solid solutions or in the molten state. Most siderophile elements have practically no affinity whatsoever for oxygen: indeed, oxides of gold are thermodynamically unstable with respect to the elements.
Tellurium reacts with boiling water, or when freshly precipitated even at 50 °C, to give the dioxide and hydrogen: Te + 2 H 2 O → TeO 2 + 2 H 2. [381] It reacts (to varying degrees) with nitric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric acids to give compounds such as the sulfoxide TeSO 3 or tellurous acid H 2 TeO 3 , [ 382 ] the basic nitrate (Te 2 O 4 H ...
Iron shows the characteristic chemical properties of the transition metals, namely the ability to form variable oxidation states differing by steps of one and a very large coordination and organometallic chemistry: indeed, it was the discovery of an iron compound, ferrocene, that revolutionalized the latter field in the 1950s. [1]
The theoretically predicted maximum of the melting curve (the prerequisite for the liquid metallic hydrogen) was discovered by Shanti Deemyad and Isaac F. Silvera by using pulsed laser heating. [28] Hydrogen-rich molecular silane (SiH 4) was claimed to be metallized and become superconducting by M.I. Eremets et al.. [29]
An iron-hydrogen resistor, or 'barretter', containing an iron hydride filament under a hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the temperature-dependent hydrogen solubility controls resistance. Iron–hydrogen alloy, also known as iron hydride, [1] is an alloy of iron and hydrogen and other elements. Because of its lability when removed from a hydrogen ...
The alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr) are the most reactive metals in the periodic table - they all react vigorously or even explosively with cold water, resulting in the displacement of hydrogen. The Group 1 metal (M) is oxidised to its metal ions, and water is reduced to hydrogen gas (H 2) and hydroxide ion (OH −), giving a general ...