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For most disks, each sector stores a fixed amount of user-accessible data, traditionally 512 bytes for hard disk drives (HDDs), and 2048 bytes for CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs and BD-ROMs. [1] Newer HDDs and SSDs use 4096 byte (4 KiB) sectors, which are known as the Advanced Format (AF). The sector is the minimum storage unit of a hard drive. [2]
In the 1950s, introduction of magnetic tapes and hard disk drives allowed for mass external storage of information, which played the key part of the computer revolution. [6] Initially all external storage, tape and hard disk drives are today available as both internal and external storage.
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a type of solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuits to store data persistently. It is sometimes called semiconductor storage device, solid-state device, or solid-state disk. [1] [2] SSDs rely on non-volatile memory, typically NAND flash, to store data in memory cells. The performance and endurance of ...
The Opal Storage Specification is a set of specifications for features of data storage devices (such as hard disk drives and solid state drives) that enhance their security. For example, it defines a way of encrypting the stored data so that an unauthorized person who gains possession of the device cannot see the data.
The first, the SSD 510, used an SATA 6 Gigabit per second interface to reach speeds of up to 500 MB/s. [14] The drive, which uses a controller from Marvell Technology Group, [15] was released using 34 nm NAND Flash and came in capacities of 120 GB and 250 GB. The second product announcement, the SSD 320, is the successor to Intel's earlier X25-M.
As of January 2024, the largest hard drive is 32 TB (while SSDs can be much bigger at 100 TB, mainstream consumer SSDs cap at 8 TB). [7] Smaller, 2.5-inch drives, are available at up to 2 TB for laptops, and 6 TB as external drives.