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During the 19th century, admission requirements became lower in many states. Most states continued to require both apprenticeship and examination, but these apprenticeships became shorter and examinations generally brief and casual. [4] After 1870, law schools began to emerge across the United States as an alternative to apprenticeship.
The State Bar of California is an administrative division of the Supreme Court of California which licenses attorneys and regulates the practice of law in California. [2] It is responsible for managing the admission of lawyers to the practice of law, investigating complaints of professional misconduct, prescribing appropriate discipline, accepting attorney-member fees, and financially ...
The first bar examination in what is now the United States was administered in oral form in the Delaware Colony in 1783. [5] From the late 18th to the late 19th centuries, bar examinations were generally oral and administered after a period of study under a lawyer or judge (a practice called "reading the law").
To practice law as a lawyer—i.e. to speak in the court—one must pass a lawyer licence examination and does not need to be called to the bar. People take the bar examination to become qualified to take a judge or public prosecutor examination. To be called to the bar, one must pass the written exams consisting of four parts as follows.
An admission to practice law is acquired when a lawyer receives a license to practice law. In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates. Becoming a lawyer is a widely varied process around the world.
Prior to the 1870s, most aspiring lawyers trained through apprenticeships under a lawyer or a judge, a practice called "reading law". [2] [3] In the 1870s, law schools began to emerge across the country as an alternative form of legal education. To incentivize aspiring lawyers to attend law schools, many states offered "diploma privilege" to ...
In California the requirements of the state bar association for reading law are set forth in Rule 4.29, Study in a law office or judge's chambers. [9] Two other states allow reading law in combination with some law school. New York allows applicants to read law provided they have already completed at least one year of law school study. [10]
Making elite lawyers : visions of law at Harvard and beyond - New York, NY [etc.] : Routledge, 1992; Duncan Kennedy: Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy, New Edition, New York Univ Press, 2004, ISBN 0-8147-4778-7; Elizabeth Mertz: The Language of Law School: Learning to Think Like a Lawyer—New York: Oxford University Press, 2007