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A myotome is the group of muscles that a single spinal nerve innervates. [1] Similarly a dermatome is an area of skin that a single nerve innervates with sensory fibers. Myotomes are separated by myosepta (singular: myoseptum). [2] In vertebrate embryonic development, a myotome is the part of a somite that develops into muscle.
The ankle jerk reflex, also known as the Achilles reflex, occurs when the Achilles tendon is tapped while the foot is dorsiflexed.It is a type of stretch reflex that tests the function of the gastrocnemius muscle and the nerve that supplies it.
Schematic representation of patellar tendon reflex (knee jerk) pathway. The patellar reflex, also called the knee reflex or knee-jerk, is a stretch reflex which tests the L2, L3, and L4 segments of the spinal cord.
Babinski's sign in a healthy newborn. The Babinski sign can indicate upper motor neuron lesion constituting damage to the corticospinal tract.Occasionally, a pathological plantar reflex is the first and only indication of a serious disease process and a clearly abnormal plantar reflex often prompts detailed neurological investigations, including CT scanning of the brain or MRI of the spine, as ...
Its primary function is the flexion of the fingers, and this is used as the clinical test for C8 integrity, in conjunction with the finger jerk reflex. [ 4 ] The particular muscles receive innervation from C8 [ 3 ] (shown by specific nerve and spinal nerve segments; muscles in italics only have a minor contribution from C8) :
Abdominal reflex is noted as either present or absent. An absent response can be physiological. Physiological absent response can be due to obesity, frailty, or muscle laxity after multiple pregnancies or abdominal surgery. [1]
The brachioradialis reflex (also known as supinator reflex) is observed during a neurological exam by striking the brachioradialis tendon (at its insertion at the base of the wrist into the radial styloid process (radial side of wrist around 4 inches (102 mm) proximal to base of thumb)) directly with a reflex hammer when the patient's arm is relaxing.
Biceps reflex is a deep tendon reflex (DTR) test (also known as a muscle-stretch reflex test) [1] that examines the function of the C5 reflex arc and the C6 reflex arc. [2] The test is performed by using a tendon hammer to quickly depress the biceps brachii tendon [ 3 ] as it passes through the cubital fossa .