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Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (TMC OA) is, also known as osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb, thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis, basilar (or basal) joint arthritis, or as rhizarthrosis. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This joint is formed by the trapezium bone of the wrist and the metacarpal bone of the thumb.
A laceration of the nail bed causes bleeding into the constricted area underneath the hard nail plate. [1] The blood pools under the nail, giving a reddish, brownish, blueish, or grey/blackish discoloration. The blood puts pressure to the nailbed causing pain which can be throbbing in quality and disappears when the pressure on the nail bed is ...
For example, a patient who injures the base of their thumb might cause a hematoma, which will slowly move all through their finger within a week. Gravity is the main determinant of this process. Hematomas on articulations can reduce mobility of a member and present roughly the same symptoms as a fracture .
There may also be discoloration of the skin due to bruising. These symptoms usually persist for a few weeks. [3] In some cases, the damage and its effects can last for years. [4] Initial signs of a dislocation include abnormal bumps or projections at the joint. There may also be an audible popping noise when the injury occurs. [5]
A bruise, also known as a contusion, is a type of hematoma of tissue, [3] the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. Most bruises occur close enough to the epidermis such that the bleeding causes a visible discoloration.
A wound is any disruption of or damage to living tissue, such as skin, mucous membranes, or organs. [1] [2] Wounds can either be the sudden result of direct trauma (mechanical, thermal, chemical), or can develop slowly over time due to underlying disease processes such as diabetes mellitus, venous/arterial insufficiency, or immunologic disease. [3]
Commonly, wrist pain is caused by sudden load-bearing or twisting effects, such as falling from a height with an outstretched hand. [1] Rupture of multiple wrist ligaments in a more severe event may require surgical repair. [1] Injury to and inflammation of the scapholunate ligament is a common wrist injury. [1]
Symptoms generally includes pain at the base of the thumb which is worse with use of the hand. [2] The anatomic snuffbox is generally tender and swelling may occur. [ 2 ] Complications may include nonunion of the fracture, avascular necrosis of the proximal part of the bone, and arthritis .