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Over-the-horizon radar (OTH), sometimes called beyond the horizon radar (BTH), is a type of radar system with the ability to detect targets at very long ranges, typically hundreds to thousands of kilometres, beyond the radar horizon, which is the distance limit for ordinary radar.
An over-the-horizon radar sited in the USSR would help solve this problem, and work on such a system for this associated role started in the late 1960s. The first experimental system, Duga, was built outside Mykolaiv in Ukraine , successfully detecting rocket launches from Baikonur Cosmodrome at 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi).
These systems are collectively known as over-the-horizon radars. Three systems are generally used; the most common uses the ionosphere as a reflector and beams the signal skyward and then listens for the tiny signals that are returned from the sky, others use a bistatic arrangement with distant antennas looking for objects that pass between ...
Container (29B6) radar (Russian: 29Б6 «Контейнер») is the new generation of Russian over-the-horizon radar, providing long distance airspace monitoring and ballistic missile detection. The first radar, near Kovylkino , Mordovia , Russia , became operational in December 2013 [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and entered combat duty on 1 December ...
Predel-E (in Russian: Предел-Э [1]) is a Russian military over-the-horizon radar system shown since 2017, [2] designed to detect ships in coastal areas. [3]It was developed by Concern Morinformsystem-Agat, with at least one variant designed by NPP Salyut. [3]
However, since humans reflect far less radar energy than metal does, these systems require sophisticated technology to isolate human targets and moreover to process any sort of detailed image. Through-the-wall radars can be made with Ultra Wideband impulse radar, micro- Doppler radar , and synthetic aperture radar (SAR).
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AN/FPS-115 PAVE PAWS early warning radar system; AN/FPS-117 Long Range Solid-State radar; AN/FPS-118 Over-The-Horizon-Backscatter (OTH-B) radar; AN/FPS-120, part of the Solid State Phased Array Radar System (replaced BMEWS radars) AN/FPS-123(V3), part of the SSPARS (upgraded PAVE PAWS) AN/FPS-123(V7), part of the SSPARS (modified PAVE PAWS at ...