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Liquid breathing is a form of respiration in which a normally air-breathing organism breathes an oxygen-rich liquid which is capable of CO 2 gas exchange (such as a perfluorocarbon). [ 1 ] The liquid involved requires certain physical properties, such as respiratory gas solubility, density, viscosity, vapor pressure and lipid solubility, which ...
Archimedes' principle states that the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces. [1] Archimedes' principle is a law of physics fundamental to fluid mechanics. It was formulated by Archimedes of Syracuse. [2]
Buoyancy (/ ˈ b ɔɪ ən s i, ˈ b uː j ən s i /), [1] [2] or upthrust is a net upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid. Thus, the pressure at the bottom of a column of fluid is greater ...
Diving physics, or the physics of underwater diving, is the basic aspects of physics which describe the effects of the underwater environment on the underwater diver and their equipment, and the effects of blending, compressing, and storing breathing gas mixtures, and supplying them for use at ambient pressure.
The normal relaxed state of the lung and chest is partially empty. Further exhalation requires muscular work. Inhalation is an active process requiring work. [4] Some of this work is to overcome frictional resistance to flow, and part is used to deform elastic tissues, and is stored as potential energy, which is recovered during the passive process of exhalation, Tidal breathing is breathing ...
Oxygen window – Physiological effect of oxygen metabolism on the total dissolved gas concentration in venous blood; Decompression models: Bühlmann decompression algorithm – Mathematical model of tissue inert gas uptake and release with pressure change; Haldane's decompression model – Decompression model developed by John Scott Haldane
This uses more of the available oxygen in the breathing gas, but increases the carbon dioxide level in the alveolar gas and slows its elimination from the circulation. [88] Skip breathing is particularly counterproductive with a rebreather , where the act of breathing pumps the gas around the "loop" to be scrubbed of carbon dioxide, as the ...
"when an object is wholly or partially immersed in a liquid, the up-thrust it receives is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced." [citation needed] Buoyancy and weight determine whether an object floats or sinks in a liquid. The relative magnitudes of weight and buoyancy determine the outcome, leading to three possible scenarios.