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The NS5B protein, which is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, catalyzes hepatitis C virus replication. [10] The hepatitis C virus can cause acute infection but most patients are asymptomatic upon exposure. About one-third of patients develop symptoms such as fatigue, arthralgia and jaundice.
It is also possible that NS5A is a critical component during HCV replication and subcellular localization, which may shed light on the poorly understood HCV life cycle. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] Additionally, NS5A has been shown to modulate the polymerase activity of NS5B , an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) . [ 3 ]
HCV genome. Nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus (HCV). [1] It is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, having the key function of replicating HCV's viral RNA by using the viral positive RNA strand as a template to catalyze the polymerization of ribonucleoside triphosphates (rNTP) during RNA replication.
Protease inhibitors can cause a syndrome of lipodystrophy, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus type 2, and kidney stones. [14] This lipodystrophy is colloquially known as "Crix belly", after indinavir (Crixivan). [15]
HCV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that has been demonstrated to replicate in the hepatocytes of both humans and chimpanzees. A single HCV polyprotein is translated, and then cleaved by cellular and viral proteases into three structural proteins (core, E1, and E2) and seven nonstructural proteins (p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B).
Diagnosing patients is generally a challenge as patients with acute illness often present with mild, non-specific flu-like symptoms, [75] while the transition from acute to chronic is sub-clinical. [76] Chronic hepatitis C is defined as infection with the hepatitis C virus persisting for more than six months based on the presence of its RNA. [18]
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