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Therefore, because of sulfa drugs' competitive inhibition, they are excellent antibacterial agents. An example of competitive inhibition was demonstrated experimentally for the enzyme succinic dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the Krebs cycle. Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of succinic dehydrogenase ...
Enzyme induction is a process in which a molecule (e.g. a drug) induces (i.e. initiates or enhances) the expression of an enzyme. Enzyme inhibition can refer to the inhibition of the expression of the enzyme by another molecule; interference at the enzyme-level, basically with how the enzyme works.
Acetylcholinesterase (HGNC symbol ACHE; EC 3.1.1.7; systematic name acetylcholine acetylhydrolase), also known as AChE, AChase or acetylhydrolase, is the primary cholinesterase in the body. It is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine and some other choline esters that function as neurotransmitters :
Stereoisomers of Soman, a G-series nerve agent and suicide inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase.Note the non-carbon chiral center.. In biochemistry, suicide inhibition, also known as suicide inactivation or mechanism-based inhibition, is an irreversible form of enzyme inhibition that occurs when an enzyme binds a substrate analog and forms an irreversible complex with it through a covalent bond ...
Most inhibitors of CYP2C9 are competitive inhibitors. Noncompetitive inhibitors of CYP2C9 include nifedipine, [39] [40] phenethyl isothiocyanate, [41] medroxyprogesterone acetate [42] and 6-hydroxyflavone. It was indicated that the noncompetitive binding site of 6-hydroxyflavone is the reported allosteric binding site of the CYP2C9 enzyme. [43]
An analog of its neuraminic acid substrate, used as an inhibitor drug, is the small white and red molecule in the center. N-Acetylneuraminic acid Exo-α-sialidase ( EC 3.2.1.18 , sialidase, neuraminidase ; systematic name acetylneuraminyl hydrolase ) is a glycoside hydrolase that cleaves the glycosidic linkages of neuraminic acids :
Inhibition of these enzyme systems reduces the rate of digestion of carbohydrates. Less glucose is absorbed because the carbohydrates are not broken down into glucose molecules. In diabetic patients, the short-term effect of these drugs therapies is to decrease current blood glucose levels: the long-term effect is a small reduction in ...
In mixed inhibition, the inhibitor binds to an allosteric site, i.e. a site different from the active site where the substrate binds. However, not all inhibitors that bind at allosteric sites are mixed inhibitors. [1] Mixed inhibition may result in either: A decrease in the apparent affinity of the enzyme for the substrate (Km value appears to ...