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Each in-text cite is formatted as a superscripted alphanumeric character called the cite label and is enclosed by brackets; example: [1]. The cite label has an HTML link to the full citation in the reference list. In-text cites are automatically ordered by the cite label starting from the first use on a page.
This is usually displayed as a superscript footnote number: [1] The second necessary part of the citation or reference is the list of full references, which provides complete, formatted detail about the source, so that anyone reading the article can find it and verify it. This page explains how to place and format both parts of the citation.
The easiest way to start citing on Wikipedia is to see a basic example. The example here will show you how to cite a newspaper article using the {} template (see Citation quick reference for other types of citations). Copy and paste the following immediately after what you want to reference:
If you are creating a new page, or adding references to a page that didn't previously have any, remember to add a References section like the one below near the end of the article: ==References== {{reflist}} Note: This is by far the most popular system for inline citations, but sometimes you will find other styles being used
Footnotes with list-defined references Shortened footnotes Citations can also be placed as external links , but these are not preferred because they are prone to link rot and usually lack the full information necessary to find the original source in cases of link rot.
For a citation to appear in a footnote, it needs to be enclosed in "ref" tags. You can add these by typing <ref> at the front of the citation and </ref> at the end. . Alternatively you may notice above the edit box there is a row of "markup" formatting buttons which include a <ref></ref> button to the right—if you highlight your whole citation and then click this markup button, it will ...
This example is the most basic and includes unique references for each citation, showing the page numbers in the reference list. This repeats the citation, changing the page number. A disadvantage is that this can create a lot of redundant text in the reference list when a source is cited many times. So consider using one of the alternatives ...
References appear at the bottom of the article in a nicely rendered list. This is sometimes called the notes, footnotes, bibliography or citations. However the reference itself is embedded in the text using the tags, <ref>freetext</ref>. It goes immediately after the punctuation without a space.