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The bending of the stereocilia towards the basal body of the OHC causes excitation of the hair cell. Thus, an increase in firing rate of the auditory neurons connected to the hair cell occurs. On the other hand, the bending of the stereocilia away from the basal body of the OHC causes inhibition of the hair cell.
Damage to hair cells can cause damage to the vestibular system and therefore cause difficulties in balancing. However, other vertebrates, such as the frequently studied zebrafish, and birds have hair cells that can regenerate. [5] [6] The human cochlea contains on the order of 3,500 inner hair cells and 12,000 outer hair cells at birth. [7] The ...
Proliferating supporting cells can acquire hair cell fate in mitotic division. The mouse's neonatal supporting cells proliferate after hair cell death and regenerate hair cells after damage. [26] The neonatal cochlea is resistant to hair cell damage caused by exposure to noise or drugs, which are toxic to the cochlea, or auditory nerve, in vivo ...
Hensen's cells are important in ion metabolism and homeostasis regulation of both endolymph and perilymph, modulation of the hearing sensitivity, regulation and regeneration of the hair cells, and prevention of the cochlea damage. [6] The outer hair cells of the cochlea preprocess the signal by active movements, which can be elevated by ...
Hearing loss is most commonly caused by long-term exposure to loud noises, from recreation or from work, that damage the hair cells, which do not grow back on their own. [ 84 ] [ 85 ] [ 9 ] Older people may lose their hearing from long exposure to noise, changes in the inner ear, changes in the middle ear, or from changes along the nerves from ...
Structural damage to hair cells (primarily the outer hair cells) will result in hearing loss that can be characterized by an attenuation and distortion of incoming auditory stimuli. During hair cell death 'scars' develop, which prevent potassium rich fluid of the endolymph from mixing with the fluid on the basal domain. [ 86 ]
Hearing loss associated with the cochlea is often a result of outer hair cells and inner hair cells damage or death. Outer hair cells are more susceptible to damage, which can result in less sensitivity to weak sounds. Frequency sensitivity is also affected by cochlear damage which can impair the patient's ability to distinguish between ...
Globally, head and neck cancer accounts for 650,000 new cases of cancer and 330,000 deaths annually on average. In 2018, it was the seventh most common cancer worldwide, with 890,000 new cases documented and 450,000 people dying from the disease. [12] The risk of developing head and neck cancer increases with age, especially after 50 years.