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  2. Engine knocking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_knocking

    This way performance is kept at its optimum while mostly eliminating the risk of engine damage caused by knock (e.g. when running on low octane fuel). [5] An early example of this is in turbocharged Saab H engines , where a system called Automatic Performance Control was used to reduce boost pressure if it caused the engine to knock.

  3. Pre-ignition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-ignition

    The reduced engine speeds allow more time for autoignition chemistry to complete thus promoting the possibility of pre-ignition and so called "mega-knock". Under these circumstances, there is still significant debate as to the sources of the pre-ignition event. [3] Pre-ignition and engine knock both sharply increase combustion chamber temperatures.

  4. Antiknock agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiknock_agent

    The Allison V-1710 engine would not run with the RAF fuels as it required tetraethyl lead for lubrication of its valvetrain, but the Packard-built Merlins would. This is why the Merlin-engine P-51 Mustangs had a text "Suitable for Aromatics" on their USAAF type description.

  5. Tappet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tappet

    Loose set screws can cause catastrophic engine failure, which has led to fatal aircraft crashes. [9] On some OHV engines in the 1960s, such as the Ford Taunus V4 engine and Opel CIH engine, the tappet adjustment was done by setting the height of the rocker pivot point (rather than the typical method of a rocker-end adjustment screw). On the ...

  6. Water injection (engine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_injection_(engine)

    The car was featured in the 2015 MotoGP season as the official safety car for the series and was released for the commercial market in 2016. [10] As per BMW example, current engine developments featuring water injection seem to concentrate on the effect of “Performance Improvement”.

  7. Automotive hacking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_hacking

    Modern automobiles contain hundreds of on-board computers processing everything from vehicle controls to the infotainment system. These computers, called Electronic control units (ECU), communicate with each other through multiple networks and communication protocols including the Controller Area Network (CAN) for vehicle component communication such as connections between engine and brake ...

  8. Flathead engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flathead_engine

    A crossflow T-head sidevalve engine The usual L-head arrangement Pop-up pistons may be used to increase compression ratio Flathead with Ricardo's turbulent head. A flathead engine, also known as a sidevalve engine [1] [2] or valve-in-block engine, is an internal combustion engine with its poppet valves contained within the engine block, instead of in the cylinder head, as in an overhead valve ...

  9. Naturally aspirated engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturally_aspirated_engine

    Typical airflow in a four-stroke engine: In stroke #1, the pistons suck in (aspirate) air to the combustion chamber through the opened inlet valve.. A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a ...