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Arthur Schopenhauer regarded his philosophy not only as a condemnation of existence, but also as a doctrine of salvation that allows one to counteract the suffering that comes from the will to life and attain tranquillity. [5]: 52 According to Schopenhauer, suffering comes from willing (striving, desiring). One's willing is proportional to one ...
Arthur Schopenhauer (/ ˈ ʃ oʊ p ən h aʊər / SHOH-pən-how-ər; [9] German: [ˈaʁtuːɐ̯ ˈʃoːpn̩haʊɐ] ⓘ; 22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher. He is known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation (expanded in 1844), which characterizes the phenomenal world as the manifestation of a blind ...
Arthur Schopenhauer considered the world to be the product of an irrational and insatiable metaphysical force which he called Will. The first presentation of philosophical pessimism in a systematic manner, with an entire structure of metaphysics underlying it, was introduced by German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer in the 19th century.
The Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer; Religion, a Dialogue, Etc. contains selections from Parerga and Paralipomena "Iconoclasm in German Philosophy" in The Westminster Review, Volume 59, 1853 (see p. 388) Pararerga und Paralipomena – Link to the book at archive.org (German fraktur) Schopenhauer Α. Sämtliche Werke. In 5 Bde.
In the English language, this work is known under three different titles. Although English publications about Schopenhauer played a role in the recognition of his fame as a philosopher in later life (1851 until his death in 1860) [4] and a three volume translation by R. B. Haldane and J. Kemp, titled The World as Will and Idea, appeared already in 1883–1886, [5] the first English translation ...
Social suffering, according to Arthur Kleinman and others, describes "collective and individual human suffering associated with life conditions shaped by powerful social forces". [17] Such suffering is an increasing concern in medical anthropology, ethnography, mass media analysis, and Holocaust studies, says Iain Wilkinson, [ 18 ] who is ...
Arthur Schopenhauer was influenced by Indian religious texts and later claimed that Buddhism was the "best of all possible religions." [17] Schopenhauer's view that "suffering is the direct and immediate object of life" [18] and that this is driven by a "restless willing and striving" are similar to the Four Noble Truths of the Buddha. [19]
Schopenhauer's aesthetics remain influential today, and are perhaps the most lasting part of his philosophy. [10] Their appeal to later generations of Romantics, and to all schools of bohemianism, is demonstrated. Wagner sent Schopenhauer a note expressing deep gratitude for Schopenhauer's discussion of music.