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The police, under the orders of General Blanton Winship, the US-appointed colonial Governor of Puerto Rico, opened fire at the peaceful Puerto Rican Nationalist Party parade, which is now known as the "Ponce massacre": 20 unarmed people (including two policemen) were killed, [79] with wounded persons ranging between 100 and 200. [80]
Spanish settlement of Puerto Rico began in the early 1500s shortly after the formation of the Spanish state in 1493 (continuing until 1898 as a colony of Spain) and continues to the present day. The most significant Spanish immigration wave occurred during the colonial period, continuing with smaller numbers arriving during the 20th century to ...
Slaves in Cuba unloading ice from Maine, 1832 On March 22, 1873, Spain abolished slavery in Puerto Rico. The owners were compensated. The owners were compensated. After 1784, Spain provided five ways by which slaves could obtain freedom. [ 60 ]
In the 19th century, slavery in Puerto Rico was increased, as the Spanish, facing economic decline with the loss of all of its colonial territories in the Americas aside from Cuba and Puerto Rico, established and expanded sugar cane production in the island. Since 1789, slaves in Puerto Rico were allowed to earn or buy their freedom.
Marcos Xiorro was the slave name of an enslaved African in Spanish Puerto Rico who, in 1821, planned and conspired to lead a slave revolt against the sugarcane plantation owners and the Spanish Colonial government.
Cortada served as Mayor of Ponce from 27 September 1872 to 4 February 1874. [14] This was the time when the Republica Española (Spanish Republic) was declared (11 February 1873) and also the time when slavery was abolished in Puerto Rico (22 March 1873).
King Charles III approved the Royal Decree of Graces of 1777 in regard to the Captaincy General of Venezuela, and the Royal Decree of Graces of 1789, which granted his subjects the right to purchase slaves and to participate in the flourishing transatlantic slave trade. Puerto Rico remained largely undeveloped and underpopulated until 1830 ...
The new slaves worked the coffee, sugar cane, and gold mining industries in Puerto Rico. During the 18th century, as gold mining ceased to be one of the major industries in Puerto Rico, slaves worked mostly in coffee plantations and sugar cane fields. By royal proclamation slavery was abolished on 22 March 1873.