Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Tsarist autocracy (Russian: царское самодержавие, romanized: tsarskoye samoderzhaviye), also called Tsarism, was an autocracy, a form of absolute monarchy localised with the Grand Duchy of Moscow and its successor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire.
By the 16th century, the Russian ruler had emerged as a powerful, autocratic figure, a Tsar. By assuming that title, the sovereign of Moscow tried to emphasize that he was a major ruler or emperor (tsar (царь) represents the Slavic adaptation of the Roman Imperial title/name Caesar) [48] on a par with the Byzantine emperor.
Nicholas I (reigned 1825–55) made Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality the main Imperialist doctrine of his reign. Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality (Russian: Правосла́вие, самодержа́вие, наро́дность; transliterated: Pravoslávie, samoderzhávie, naródnost'), also known as Official Nationalism, [1] [2] was the dominant Imperial ideological doctrine ...
The tsar himself, the embodiment of sovereign authority, stood at the center of the tsarist autocracy, with full power over the state and its people. [5] The autocrat delegated power to persons and institutions acting on his orders, and within the limits of his laws, for the common good of all Russia. [ 5 ]
The Great Reforms: Autocracy, Bureaucracy, and the Politics of Change in Imperial Russia (1990) Lincoln, W. Bruce. Nikolai Miliutin, an enlightened Russian bureaucrat (1977) Miller, Forrest A. Dmitrii Miliutin and the Reform Era in Russia (1968) Moss, Walter G. A history of Russia: volume I to 1917 ( 1997), pp 413–35.
In the Almanach de Gotha for 1910, Russia was described as "a constitutional monarchy under an autocratic Tsar". This contradiction in terms demonstrated the difficulty of precisely defining the system, transitional and sui generis , established in the Russian Empire after October 1905.
The revolution was characterized by mass political and social unrest including worker strikes, peasant revolts, and military mutinies directed against Tsar Nicholas II and the autocracy, who were forced to establish the State Duma legislative assembly and grant certain rights, though both were later undermined.
In 1855, Alexander II began his reign as Tsar of Russia and presided over a period of political and social reform, notably the emancipation of serfs in 1861 and the lifting of censorship. His successor Alexander III (r. 1881–1894) pursued a policy of repression and restricted public expenditure, but continued land and labour reforms.