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Such wreaths or crowns were represented in classical architecture, in ancient Greek art and sculpture, and in Roman art and sculpture. As well as being awarded for merit and military conduct, they were worn by orators, priests performing sacrifices, by the chorus in ancient Greek drama, and by attendees of a symposium.
Wreaths and crowns in antiquity, including the laurel wreath, trace back to Ancient Greece. In Greek mythology, the god Apollo, who is patron of lyrical poetry, musical performance [a] and skill-based athletics, is conventionally depicted wearing a laurel wreath on his head in all three roles.
The polos crown (plural poloi; Greek: πόλος) is a high cylindrical crown worn by mythological goddesses of the Ancient Near East and Anatolia and adopted by the ancient Greeks for imaging the mother goddesses Rhea and Cybele and Hera. [1] [2] The word also meant an axis or pivot and is cognate with the English, 'pole'.
A wreath worn for purpose of attire (in English, a "chaplet"; [1] Ancient Greek: στέφανος, romanized: stéfanos, Latin: corona), [2] is a headdress or headband made of leaves, grasses, flowers or branches. It is typically worn on celebrations, festive occasions and holy days, having a long history and association with ancient pageants ...
The ancient Persians wore a high and erect royal tiara encircled with a diadem. Hera , queen of the Greek gods , wore a golden crown called the diadem. The "Priest King" statue made by the Indus Valley civilization ( c. 3300 – c. 1300 BCE ) wore a headband that is possibly a diadem.
The olive wreath, also known as kotinos (Greek: κότινος), [1] was the prize for the winner at the ancient Olympic Games. It was a branch of the wild olive tree [ 2 ] Kallistefanos Elea [ 3 ] (also referred to as Elaia Kallistephanos ) [ 4 ] that grew at Olympia , [ 5 ] intertwined to form a circle or a horse-shoe.
Along with the fame and notoriety of winning the ancient Games, the athletes earned different crowns of leaves from the different Games. From the Olympics, the victor won an olive wreath, from the Pythian Games a laurel wreath, from the Nemean Games a crown of wild celery leaves, and from the Isthmian Games a crown of pine. [6]
When she wore the crown at her marriage to Dionysus, he placed it in the heavens to commemorate their wedding. (Greek mythology) Corona Australis (Southern Crown), the crown has been associated with the myth of Bacchus and Stimula. Jupiter had impregnated Stimula, causing Juno to become jealous.