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Prostate cancer cells usually require androgen hormones, such as testosterone, to grow. ADT reduces the levels of androgen hormones, with drugs or surgery, to prevent the prostate cancer cells from growing. [1] The pharmaceutical approaches include antiandrogens and chemical castration.
Over the last 40 years, a variety of drugs have been developed from non-selective alpha-1 receptor antagonists to selective alpha-1 antagonists and alpha-1 receptor inverse agonists. [2] [3] The first drug that was used was a non-selective alpha blocker, named phenoxybenzamine and was used to treat BPH. [2]
Tamsulosin – ARISTO Pharma – 0.4 mg prolonged-release tablets – Urologikum. Tamsulosin, sold under the brand names including Flomax and Contiflo, is a medication used to treat symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and chronic prostatitis and to help with the passage of kidney stones.
Flutamide (Eulexin): Marketed for the treatment of prostate cancer and also used in the treatment of acne, hirsutism, and hyperandrogenism in women. [3] [4] It has also been studied in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. [6] Now little-used due to high incidence of elevated liver enzymes and hepatotoxicity and the availability of ...
[9] [10] It can also reduce DHT levels in the prostate by 97 to 99% in men with prostate cancer. [11] [12] Epristeride (brand names Aipuliete, Chuanliu) is marketed in China for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. [13] [14] [15] However, it can only decrease circulating DHT levels by about 25 to 54%. [16]
[78] [79] [80] Of the SAAs, CPA is the only one that has been widely used in the treatment of prostate cancer. [28]: 488 As antiandrogens, the SAAs have largely been replaced by the NSAAs and are now rarely used in the treatment of prostate cancer, due to the superior selectivity, efficacy, and tolerability profiles of NSAAs.
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