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Oliver Cromwell Dissolving the Long Parliament is a 1782 history painting by the American-born British artist Benjamin West. It depicts the Long Parliament being forcibly dissolved by Oliver Cromwell his soldiers on 20 April 1653 during the Commonwealth of England. Cromwell then assumed the role of Lord Protector until his death in 1658. [1]
"20 April Cromwell's Dissolution of the Rump Parliament". Chambers' Book of Days. (With a shortened version of Cromwell's speech). Cromwell, Oliver (20 April 2003) [20 April 1653]. "Cromwell's Dissolution of the Rump Parliament". Archived from the original on 1 December 2005. (with a fuller version of Cromwell's speech) Ludlow, Edmund (1894).
In 1653, the Grandees, with Oliver Cromwell leading these reformists, dismissed the Rump Parliament, replacing it with a Nominated Assembly (nicknamed the Parliament of Saints or Barebone's Parliament). [2] This Barebone's Parliament was composed of 140 nominees, 129 from England and Wales, five from Scotland and six from Ireland.
Cromwell was returned to this Parliament as member for Cambridge, but it lasted for only three weeks and became known as the Short Parliament. Cromwell moved his family from Ely to London in 1640. [24] A second Parliament was called later the same year and became known as the Long Parliament. Cromwell was again returned as member for Cambridge.
Cromwell then dissolved the Rump Parliament and declared himself to be the Lord Protector (dictator). Cromwell died (1658) and was succeeded by his son Richard Cromwell, who tried to keep power militarily and absolutely, but he was also incapable of unifying all of the diverse groups (religious and ethnic).
Cromwell and four other officers – Lambert, John Desborough, Harrison and Matthew Tomlinson – were then co-opted as members. On 12 July, the assembly published a declaration declaring itself to be the parliament of the Commonwealth of England. This was the first time that it had been formally described as a parliament. [citation needed]
D. L. Smith, ‘Oliver Cromwell, the first Protectorate Parliament and religious reform’ in Parliamentary History 19 (2000); T.A. Wilson & F.J. Merli, 'Naylor's case and the dilemma of the Protectorate' in University of Birmingham Historical Journal 10 (1965-6); and C.H. Firth, 'Cromwell and the crown' in English Historical Review 17 & 18 ...
Parliament was in no mood to heed his warning and continued to disagree among themselves, so on 4 February 1658 Cromwell dissolved Parliament. [6] After Oliver Cromwell's death in September 1658, those in the funeral procession who had noble titles under the ancient regime were so called (for example Edward, Earl of Manchester); those who had ...