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Comparison of the convergence of the Wallis product (purple asterisks) and several historical infinite series for π. S n is the approximation after taking n terms. Each subsequent subplot magnifies the shaded area horizontally by 10 times. (click for detail) The Wallis product is the infinite product representation of π:
The sequence () is decreasing and has positive terms. In fact, for all : >, because it is an integral of a non-negative continuous function which is not identically zero; + = + = () () >, again because the last integral is of a non-negative continuous function.
Ptolemy's theorem states that the sum of the products of the lengths of opposite sides is equal to the product of the lengths of the diagonals. When those side-lengths are expressed in terms of the sin and cos values shown in the figure above, this yields the angle sum trigonometric identity for sine: sin( α + β ) = sin α cos β + cos α sin ...
By the Wallis product, the area of the resulting set is π / 4 , unlike the standard Sierpiński carpet which has zero limiting area. Although the Wallis sieve has positive Lebesgue measure , no subset that is a Cartesian product of two sets of real numbers has this property, so its Jordan measure is zero.
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Wallis' development of a model of English grammar, independent of earlier models based on Latin grammar, is a case in point of the way other sciences helped develop cryptology in his view. [37] Wallis tried to teach his own son John, and his grandson by his daughter Anne, William Blencowe the tricks of the trade.