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The gene is also called COX1, CO1, or COI. [7] Cytochrome c oxidase I is the main subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase complex. In humans, mutations in MT-CO1 have been associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia , Complex IV deficiency, colorectal cancer , sensorineural deafness , and ...
Successfully sequenced COI samples also included introns and possible paralogous copies, as reported for Fusarium. [52] [54] Agaricus bisporus was found to contain up to 19 introns, making the COI gene of this species the longest recorded, with 29,902 nucleotides. [55]
DNA barcoding is a method of species identification using a short section of DNA from a specific gene or genes. The premise of DNA barcoding is that by comparison with a reference library of such DNA sections (also called "sequences"), an individual sequence can be used to uniquely identify an organism to species, just as a supermarket scanner uses the familiar black stripes of the UPC barcode ...
Thus, algal systematics and identification have come to rely heavily on genetic/molecular tools such as DNA barcoding. [39] [40] The SSU rDNA gene is a common used barcode for phylogenetic studies on macroalgae. [41] However, the SSU rDNA is a highly conserved region and typically lack resolution for species identification.
The database allows species identification by DNA sequence comparisons. All species are characterized by multiple gene sequences, presently including the standard CO1 barcoding gene together with CYTB, MYH6 and (coming shortly) RHOD, facilitating unambiguous species determination even for closely related species or those with high intraspecific ...
DNA barcoding involves specific targeting of gene regions that are found and conserved in most animal species, but have high variation between members of different species. Accurate diagnosis depends on low intraspecific variation compared with that between species, a short DNA sequence such as Cytochrome Subunit Oxidase I gene (COI), would ...
Due to phenotypic plasticity, it is difficult to estimate the population of the species. [3] However, it is possible to use DNA analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene for the identification of S. terebrans. [3] [4] It is also known that S. terebrans has 13 protein-coding genes with 3 stop codons and 6 start codons. [5]
Methods that can best differentiate between the species are DNA, mitochondrial DNA, and the COI gene. The COI gene used in conjunction with restriction enzymes has been shown to be a relatively fast and simple method of distinguishing between blowfly species with good accuracy. [34]