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It normally fruits in sandy soils under coniferous trees in spring and early summer. The fruiting body, or mushroom, is an irregular brain-shaped cap dark brown in colour that can reach 10 centimetres (4 inches) high and 15 cm (6 in) wide, perched on a stout white stipe up to 6 cm (2 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) high.
Cerioporus squamosus synonym Polyporus squamosus is a basidiomycete bracket fungus, with common names including dryad's saddle and pheasant's back mushroom. [2] It has a widespread distribution, being found in North America, Australia, and Eurasia, where it causes a white rot in the heartwood of living and dead hardwood trees.
It is a common, widespread saprotrophic sac fungus, living on dead and decaying wood. The fruit of this fungus is hemi-spherical, with a hard, friable, shiny black fruiting body 2 to 7 centimeters wide. It resembles a chunk of coal, which gives it several of its common names, including coal fungus and carbon balls.
The tree stem decay is caused by the fungus when it invades and colonizes the wood of living trees and decomposes the wood before the tree is dead. This brown rot fungus degrades only cellulose, leaving the other primary constituents of wood, lignin , as a considerably less dense but fairly stable residual structure that is suitable for ...
Forms of polypore fruit bodies range from mushroom-shaped to thin effused patches that develop on dead wood. Perennial fruit bodies of some species growing on living trees can grow over 80 years old (e.g. Phellinus igniarius). [13] Most species of polypores develop new, short-lived fruit bodies annually or several times every year.
Though initially parasitic, F. fomentarius continues to grow upon fallen trees. Fomes fomentarius is a stem decay plant pathogen. The species' mycelium penetrates the wood of trees through damaged bark or broken branches, causing rot in the host. [13] It can grow on the bark wound, or even directly onto the bark of older or dead trees. [11]
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The species was first described scientifically by American mycologist Howard James Banker in 1913. [2] Italian Pier Andrea Saccardo placed the species in the genus Hydnum in 1925, [3] while Walter Henry Snell and Esther Amelia Dick placed it in Calodon in 1956; [4] Hydnum peckii (Banker) Sacc. and Calodon peckii Snell & E.A. Dick are synonyms of Hydnellum peckii.