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Epilepsy surgery involves a neurosurgical procedure where an area of the brain involved in seizures is either resected, ablated, disconnected or stimulated. [1] The goal is to eliminate seizures or significantly reduce seizure burden.
Amygdalohippocampectomy is a surgical procedure for the treatment of epilepsy.It consists of the removal of the hippocampus, which has a role in memory, spatial awareness, and navigation, [1] and the amygdalae, which have a role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, [2] both structures forming part of the limbic system of the brain.
The surgery is a palliative treatment method for many forms of epilepsy, including atonic seizures, generalized seizures, and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. [6] In a 2011 study of children with intractable epilepsy accompanied by attention deficit disorder, EEG showed an improvement to both seizures and attention impairments following corpus ...
Additional epilepsy surgery following hemispherectomy is rare (4.5%), [7] but may be recommended if there is a residual connection between the two hemispheres that is causing frequent seizures. Mortality rates are low and estimated to be <1% to 2.2%.
The strongest evidence supporting ATL over continued medical therapy for medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is a prospective, randomized trial of ATL compared to best medical therapy (anticonvulsants), which convincingly demonstrated that the seizure-free rate after surgery was about 60% as compared to only 8% for the medicine only ...
In the past, epilepsy patients were referred for surgery only after they had taken medicine after medicine without success, often for 10 years or more. However, now the definition of medically refractory has changed and surgery is being performed as early as 1 to 2 years after the diagnosis of epilepsy is first made.