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Digitoxin is a cardiac glycoside used for the treatment of heart failure and certain kinds of heart arrhythmia. It is a phytosteroid and is similar in structure and effects to digoxin, though the effects are longer-lasting. Unlike digoxin, which is eliminated from the body via the kidneys, it is eliminated via the liver, and so can be used in ...
Digoxin increased the risk of death in women by 23%. There was no difference in the death rate for men in the study. [38] Digoxin is also used as a standard control substance to test for P-glycoprotein inhibition. [39] Digoxin appears to be a peripherally selective drug due to limited brain uptake caused by binding to P-glycoprotein. [40] [41]
Cardiac glycosides, such as the commonly used digoxin and digitoxin, deal with the latter, due to their positive inotropic activity. On the other hand, cardiac arrhythmia are changes in heart rate, whether faster ( tachycardia ) or slower ( bradycardia ).
Digoxin helps alleviate symptoms and reduce hospitalizations related to heart failure, but it does not offer any mortality-reducing benefits. [86] Digoxin may be considered in patients who remain symptomatic despite receiving treatment with a first-line combination of an ACE inhibitor (or ARNI ), a beta-blocker , and a mineralocorticoid ...
Digoxin may be prescribed for a child to treat heart defects. Possible side effects in children are: dysrhythmia, nausea, vomiting, a slower-than-normal heart rate and anorexia. [4] Children may demonstrate side effects if they are breastfed. Digoxin is also absorbed by the infant in utero. [5]
The level of digoxin for treatment is typically 0.5-2 ng/mL. [8] Since this is a narrow therapeutic index, digoxin overdose can happen. A serum digoxin concentration of 0.5-0.9 ng/mL among those with heart failure is associated with reduced heart failure deaths and hospitalizations. [9]
Digoxin decreases conduction of electrical impulses through the AV node and increases vagal activity via its action on the central nervous system. Via indirect action, it leads to an increase in acetylcholine production, stimulating M2 receptors on AV node leading to an overall decrease in speed of conduction.
Metildigoxin; Clinical data; Other names: 4-[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,12R,13S,14S)-12,14-Dihydroxy-3-[(2R,4S,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-5-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-5-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4 ...