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Quoins (/ k ɔɪ n / or / k w ɔɪ n /) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. [1] Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble , [ 2 ] while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. [ 3 ]
A standard 8-inch CMU block is exactly equal to three courses of brick. [3] A bond (or bonding) pattern) is the arrangement of several courses of brickwork. [2] The corners of a masonry wall are built first, then the spaces between them are filled by the remaining courses. [4]
A pallet of "8-inch" concrete blocks An interior wall of painted concrete blocks Concrete masonry blocks A building constructed with concrete masonry blocks. A concrete block, also known as a cinder block in North American English, breeze block in British English, concrete masonry unit (CMU), or by various other terms, is a standard-size rectangular block used in building construction.
The primary structural advantage of concrete blocks in comparison to smaller clay-based bricks is that a CMU wall can be reinforced by filling the block voids with concrete with or without steel rebar. Generally, certain voids are designated for filling and reinforcement, particularly at corners, wall-ends, and openings while other voids are ...
Rustication therefore often reverses the patterns of medieval and later vernacular architecture, where roughly dressed wall surfaces often contrast with ashlar quoins and frames to openings. Regular smooth-faced rustication (left) turns to horizontal banded rustication at the corner of Castle Howard in North Yorkshire, England.
A load-bearing wall or bearing wall is a wall that is an active structural element of a building — that is, it bears the weight of the elements above said wall, resting upon it by conducting its weight to a foundation structure. [1] The materials most often used to construct load-bearing walls in large buildings are concrete, block, or brick.