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The type of PFAS remediation technology selected is often a reflection of the PFAS contamination levels and the PFAS signature (i.e. the combination of short- and long-chain PFAS substances present) in conjunction with the site-specific water chemistry and cross contaminants present in the liquid stream.
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) (conjugate base perfluorooctanesulfonate) is a chemical compound having an eight-carbon fluorocarbon chain and a sulfonic acid functional group, and thus it is a perfluorosulfonic acid and a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS).
The risks of PFAS, sometimes known as "forever chemicals," have long been known. But it's more complicated than it sounds.
In humans, PFHxS binds to blood albumin, [8] and relatively little PFHxS is found in the liver compared to longer chain PFASs such as PFOS. [9] The half-life of PFHxS in adult blood serum is 5.3 years (4.7 years for women and 7.4 years for men). [10] The half-life of PFASs in human blood generally decreases with decreasing backbone (CF 2) length.
The EPA has determined that exposure to "certain levels of PFAS" could cause fertility issues and high blood pressure among women; impact childhood development; interfere with the body's natural ...
The so-called “forever chemicals” − a name attributed to PFAS' centuries-long half-life − are ubiquitous: In addition to drinking water, they are found in everything from non-stick ...
PFAS accumulates in the body, which is why EPA set their limits for drinking water at 4 parts per trillion for two common types — PFOA and PFOS — that are phased out of manufacturing but still are present in the environment. Health experts say low doses of the chemicals can build up in the body over time, so even small amounts are a problem.
Perfluorodecanoic Acid (PFDA) is not a medication and does not have any approved medical uses. It is widely used as an industrial chemical, and is persistent in the environment and can accumulate in the body. Numerous studies point to its negative health effects. [23] [24] It has been detected in the blood of people and animals worldwide.