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The Article 14 of the Albanian Constitution states that "The official language in the Republic of Albania is Albanian." [2] According to the 2011 population census, 2,765,610, 98.767% of the population declared Albanian as their mother tongue ("mother tongue is defined as the first or main language spoken at home during childhood").
The Arnold Ritter von Harff's lexicon is the second oldest Albanian-language document ever retrieved, after the Formula e pagëzimit.The lexicon was written by Arnold Ritter von Harff, a German traveler, who in 1496 was spending some hours in the port of Durrës and transcribed some words of the locals Albanians, by writing on the side, the German translation of them.
Like English, Albanian has dental fricatives /θ/ (like the th in thin) and /ð/ (like the th in this), written as th and dh , which are rare cross-linguistically. Gheg uses long and nasal vowels, which are absent in Tosk, and the mid-central vowel ë is lost at the end of the word. The stress is fixed mainly on the last syllable.
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Despite belonging to four different families of Indo-European; Slavic, Romance, Greek, and Albanian, a subset of these languages is notable for forming a well-studied sprachbund, a group of languages that have developed some striking structural similarities over time.
schwerhörig - hard of hearing; Schwerkraft - Gravity; schwerpunkt - main emphasis; schwert - sword; schwerwiegend - serious; schwesterlein - sister; Schwiegermutter - mother-in-law; schwierig - difficult; Schwimmhaut - webbing; schwimmt - swims; Schwindel - dizziness; schwindelerregende - dizzying; schwindet - dwindles; Schwingung - vibration ...
Because the Latin words common to only Romanian and Albanian are significantly less than those that are common to only Albanian and Western Romance, Mihaescu argues that the Albanian language evolved in a region with much greater contact to Western Romance regions than to Romanian-speaking regions, and located this region in present-day Albania ...
Gustav Meyer (25 November 1850 – 28 August 1900) was a German linguist and Indo-European scholar, considered to be one of the most important Albanologists of his time, [1] most importantly by proving that the Albanian language belongs to the Indo-European family.