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  2. Osmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmosis

    The process of osmosis over a semipermeable membrane.The blue dots represent particles driving the osmotic gradient. Osmosis (/ ɒ z ˈ m oʊ s ɪ s /, US also / ɒ s-/) [1] is the spontaneous net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from a region of high water potential (region of lower solute concentration) to a region of low water potential ...

  3. Chemiosmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiosmosis

    This process is related to osmosis, the movement of water across a selective membrane, which is why it is called "chemiosmosis". ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP by chemiosmosis. It allows protons to pass through the membrane and uses the free energy difference to convert phosphorylate adenosine diphosphate (ADP) into ATP. The ATP ...

  4. Semipermeable membrane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semipermeable_membrane

    Semipermeable membrane is a type of synthetic or biologic, polymeric membrane that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it by osmosis. The rate of passage depends on the pressure, concentration, and temperature of the molecules or solutes on either side, as well as the permeability of the membrane to each solute.

  5. Osmotic pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_pressure

    Osmotic pressure is the basis of filtering ("reverse osmosis"), a process commonly used in water purification. The water to be purified is placed in a chamber and put under an amount of pressure greater than the osmotic pressure exerted by the water and the solutes dissolved in it.

  6. Water purification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_purification

    Reverse osmosis involves mechanical pressure applied to force water through a semi-permeable membrane. Contaminants are left on the other side of the membrane. Reverse osmosis is theoretically the most thorough method of large scale water purification available, although perfect semi-permeable membranes are difficult to create.

  7. Electro-osmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-osmosis

    Electro-osmotic flow was first reported in 1807 by Ferdinand Friedrich Reuss (18 February 1778 (Tübingen, Germany) – 14 April 1852 (Stuttgart, Germany)) [1] in an unpublished lecture before the Physical-Medical Society of Moscow; [2] Reuss first published an account of electro-osmotic flow in 1809 in the Memoirs of the Imperial Society of Naturalists of Moscow.

  8. NYT ‘Connections’ Hints and Answers Today ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/nyt-connections-hints-answers-today...

    Get ready for all of today's NYT 'Connections’ hints and answers for #577 on Wednesday, January 8, 2025. Today's NYT Connections puzzle for Wednesday, January 8, 2025 The New York Times

  9. Diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusiophoresis_and_diff...

    Diffusioosmosis is flow of a fluid at a solid surface, or in other words, flow at a solid/fluid interface. The Marangoni effect is flow at a fluid/fluid interface. So the two phenomena are analogous with the difference being that in diffusioosmosis one of the phases is a solid.