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Judicial review is a process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary. [ 1 ] : 79 In a judicial review, a court may invalidate laws, acts, or governmental actions that are incompatible with a higher authority.
The Supreme Court of Iceland (Icelandic: Hæstiréttur Íslands, pronounced [ˈhaistɪˌrjɛhtʏr ˈistlants], lit. ' Highest Court of Iceland ') is the final court of appeal in the judiciary of Iceland. It is also the oldest of the current courts of law in Iceland and the highest of the three Icelandic court branches, the others being the ...
The politics of Iceland take place in the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the president is the head of state, while the prime minister of Iceland serves as the head of government in a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government.
The establishment introduced a three-tier judiciary in Iceland where before operated only district courts and the Supreme Court since the 1919 abolition of the National High Court. The court is composed of fifteen justices selected by the Qualifications Committee and nominated by the Minister of Justice for presidential confirmation.
Committee (Icelandic) Chairman 1st Vice-Chairman 2nd vice-Chairman 1 Budget Committee (Fjárlaganefnd) Vigdís Hauksdóttir () : Guðlaugur Þór Þórðarson () : Oddný Guðbjörg Harðardóttir ()
The Constitution of Iceland (Icelandic: Stjórnarskrá lýðveldisins Íslands "Constitution of the republic of Iceland") is the supreme law of Iceland. It is composed of 80 articles in seven sections, and within it the leadership arrangement of the country is determined and the human rights of its citizens are preserved. The current ...
Approximately 1015 a high court called the Fifth Court was established to hear cases left unsettled by the quarter courts. When the Commonwealth came to an end and Icelanders submitted to the authority of the Norwegian king in 1262 the Court of Legislature regained its judicial functions, as the Fifth Court and quarter courts were abolished, and retained some legislative authority.
It also adopted the concepts of a formal separation of power and judicial review but did not adopt guarantees of personal rights into the constitution. [15] [16] According to a 2012 study by David Law of Washington University in St. Louis published in the New York University Law Review, the influence of the U.S. Constitution may be waning. The ...