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p-Xylene (para-xylene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon. It is one of the three isomers of dimethylbenzene known collectively as xylenes . The p- stands for para- , indicating that the two methyl groups in p -xylene occupy the diametrically opposite substituent positions 1 and 4.
The physical properties of the isomers of xylene differ slightly. The melting point ranges from −47.87 °C (−54.17 °F) (m-xylene) to 13.26 °C (55.87 °F) (p-xylene)—as usual, the para isomer's melting point is much higher because it packs more readily in the crystal structure. The boiling point for each isomer is around 140 °C (284 °F).
Index of refraction, n D: 1.4958 at 20 °C Dielectric constant, ... for p-Xylene/carbon tetrachloride [6] P = 760 mm Hg BP Temp. °C % by mole carbon tetrachloride
The m-stands for meta-, indicating that the two methyl groups in m-xylene occupy positions 1 and 3 on a benzene ring. It is in the positions of the two methyl groups, their arene substitution pattern, that it differs from the other isomers, o-xylene and p-xylene. All have the same chemical formula C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2. All xylene isomers are ...
Heat capacity, c p? J/(mol K) Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid –25.4 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 253.80 J/(mol K) Enthalpy of combustion, Δ c H o –4549 kJ/mol Heat capacity, c p: 184.5 J/(mol K) at 25 °C Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o gas: 17.2 kJ/mol Standard ...
o-Xylene (ortho-xylene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the formula C 6 H 4 (CH 3) 2, with two methyl substituents bonded to adjacent carbon atoms of a benzene ring (the ortho configuration). It is a constitutional isomer of m -xylene and p -xylene , the mixture being called xylene or xylenes.
m-xylene (1,3-dimethylbenzene) p-xylene (1,4-dimethylbenzene) Other. Ethylbenzene (not a true xylene but present in mixtures called "mixed xylenes") Styrene;
In the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries, the initialism BTX refers to mixtures of benzene, toluene, and the three xylene isomers, all of which are aromatic hydrocarbons. The xylene isomers are distinguished by the designations ortho – (or o –), meta – (or m –), and para – (or p –) as indicated in the adjacent diagram.