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This is a list of operators in the C and C++ programming languages.. All listed operators are in C++ and lacking indication otherwise, in C as well. Some tables include a "In C" column that indicates whether an operator is also in C. Note that C does not support operator overloading.
Note that C99 and C++ do not implement complex numbers in a code-compatible way – the latter instead provides the class std:: complex. All operations on complex numbers are defined in the <complex.h> header. As with the real-valued functions, an f or l suffix denotes the float complex or long double complex variant of the function.
In order to reflect normal usage, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operators are usually left-associative, [1] [2] [3] while for an exponentiation operator (if present) [4] [better source needed] there is no general agreement. Any assignment operators are typically right-associative. To prevent cases where operands would be ...
For example, given b = 5, e = 3 and m = 13, dividing 5 3 = 125 by 13 leaves a remainder of c = 8. Modular exponentiation can be performed with a negative exponent e by finding the modular multiplicative inverse d of b modulo m using the extended Euclidean algorithm. That is: c = b e mod m = d −e mod m, where e < 0 and b ⋅ d ≡ 1 (mod m).
The operators ^ ^= superficially resemble the C bitwise exclusive-or operators, but are in fact the bc integer exponentiation operators. Of particular note, the use of the ^ operator with negative numbers does not follow the C operator precedence. -2^2 gives the answer of 4 under bc rather than −4.
C++ can't be described as a superset of C unless it contains all of the features that C contains, and unless all C programs translate correctly under a C++ environment. The modulo operator provides an example of a C program translating incorrectly under a C++ environment. Plebbeh 00:00, 26 August 2011 (UTC)
The above-mentioned identifiers are operator keywords in the ISO C++ programming language and do not require the inclusion of a header file. [3] For consistency, the C++98 standard provided both <iso646.h> and a corresponding <ciso646>. However they both had no effect, being empty.
The successor function, denoted , is a unary operator.Its domain and codomain are the natural numbers; its definition is as follows: : (+) In some programming languages such as C, executing this operation is denoted by postfixing ++ to the operand, i.e. the use of n++ is equivalent to executing the assignment := ().