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The Sunda Arc is a volcanic arc that produced the volcanoes that form the topographic spine of the islands of Sumatra, Nusa Tenggara, Java, the Sunda Strait, and the Lesser Sunda Islands. The Sunda Arc begins at Sumatra and ends at Flores, and is adjacent to the Banda Arc. [1] The Sunda Arc is formed via the subduction of the Indo-Australian ...
A high volcanic cone with a single central vent formed before the 1815 eruption, which follows a stratovolcano shape. [18] The diameter at the base is 60 kilometres (37 mi). [8] The volcano frequently erupted lava, which descended over steep slopes. [18] Tambora has produced trachybasalt and trachyandesite rocks which are rich in potassium.
Caldera/ Eruption name Volcanic arc/ belt or Subregion or Hotspot VEI Date Known/proposed consequences Mount Pinatubo: Luzon Volcanic Arc: 6: 15 Jun 1991: Global temperature fell by 0.4 °C Novarupta: Aleutian Range: 6: 6 Jun 1912: Santa María: Central America Volcanic Arc: 6: 24 Oct 1902: Krakatoa: Sunda Arc: 6: 26-28 Aug 1883: At least ...
Mount Galunggung is part of the Sunda Arc extending through Sumatra, Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands, which has resulted from the subduction of the Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. For the first time since 1982 after eruptions finished and conditions seemed normal, on February 12, 2012, the status was upgraded to Alert based on ...
Beginning on 20 May 1883, and ending on 21 October 1883, the volcanic island of Krakatoa, located in the Sunda Strait, had repeated, months long volcanic eruptions. The most destructive of these eruptions occurred on 27 August, when over 70% of the island and its surrounding archipelago were destroyed when it erupted so violently it collapsed ...
The eruption destroyed two-thirds of the island of Krakatoa. Eruptions in the area since 1927 have built a new island at the same location, named Anak Krakatau (which is Indonesian for "Child of Krakatoa"). Periodic eruptions have continued since, with recent eruptions in 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, and a major collapse in 2018.
The largest volcano of Sumatra is the supervolcano Toba within the 100 km (62 mi) × 30 km (19 mi) Lake Toba, which was created after a caldera collapse (est. in 74,000 Before Present). [2] The eruption is estimated to have been at level eight on the VEI scale, the highest level for a volcanic eruption
Campanian volcanic arc 13.1 51 Santa Lucia Tephra 7 Lake Maninjau: Sunda Arc, Sumatra: 235 52 Maninjau paroxysmal welded and unwelded tuffs 6 Mount Kujū: Kyūshū 12 [10] 53.5 Kuju-Handa pyroclastic flow (Kj-Hd), Kuju-1 Pumice (Kj-P1) 6 Skaros Caldera, Santorini South Aegean Volcanic Arc 13.75 54 Upper Scoriae 2 6 Kuttara Hokkaidō