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Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. [1] Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins . [ 2 ]
[2] [3] Some plant-based foods contain few or no EAAs, e.g. some sprouts, mango, pineapple, lime and melon. On the other hand, nuts, seeds, beans and peas contain EAAs in significant quantity. The following table shows the composition of EAAs in selected plant foods as well as recommended dietary allowances.(RDA [4])
The sources of protein are as follows and differ in protein quality depending on their amino acid profile and digestibility: Whey protein contains high levels of all the essential amino acids and branched-chain amino acids. It also has the highest content of the amino acid cysteine, which aids in the biosynthesis of glutathione.
Pea protein is considered to be an almost complete protein, containing all the essential amino acids, except for low levels of cysteine and methionine. [9] Pea seeds contain 60-65% carbohydrates mainly composed of oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, polysaccharides, and disaccharides. [10]
The classes of nutrient compounds in supplements include vitamins, minerals, fiber, fatty acids, and amino acids. Dietary supplements can also contain substances that have not been confirmed as being essential to life, and so are not nutrients per se, but are marketed as having a beneficial biological effect, such as plant pigments or polyphenols.
Dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamins are referred to by B-number or by chemical name, such as B 1 for thiamine, B 2 for riboflavin, and B 3 for niacin, [1] [2] while some are more commonly recognized by name than by number, such as pantothenic acid (B 5), biotin (B 7), and folate ...