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  2. Intrinsic factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_factor

    Intrinsic factor (IF), cobalamin binding intrinsic factor, [5] also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF), is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells (in humans) or chief cells (in rodents) of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B 12 later on in the distal ileum of the small intestine. [6]

  3. Parietal cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parietal_cell

    In pernicious anemia, autoantibodies directed against parietal cells or intrinsic factor cause a reduction in vitamin B 12 absorption. It can be treated with injections of replacement vitamin B 12 (methylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin or cyanocobalamin). Achlorhydria is another autoimmune disease of the parietal cells. The damaged parietal cells ...

  4. Haptocorrin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptocorrin

    The same cells in the stomach that produce gastric hydrochloric acid, the parietal cells, also produce a molecule called the intrinsic factor (IF), which binds the B 12 after its release from haptocorrin by digestion, and without which only 1% of vitamin B 12 is absorbed. Intrinsic factor (IF) is a glycoprotein, with a molecular weight of 45 kDa.

  5. Castle factors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_factors

    Intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B 12 Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Castle factors .

  6. Transcobalamin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcobalamin

    Transcobalamin I (TC-1), also known as haptocorrin (HC), R-factor, and R-protein is encoded in the human by the TCN1 gene. TC-1 is a glycoprotein produced by the salivary glands of the mouth. It primarily serves to protect cobalamin (Vitamin B12) from acid degradation in the stomach by producing a HC-Vitamin B 12 complex.

  7. Vitamin B12 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12

    "B12" and "Cbl" redirect here. For other uses of B12, see B12 (disambiguation). For the musical group, see Carbon Based Lifeforms. Pharmaceutical compound Vitamin B12 General skeletal formula of cobalamins Stick model of cyanocobalamin (R = CN) based on the crystal structure Clinical data Other names Vitamin B12, vitamin B-12, cobalamin AHFS / Drugs.com Monograph MedlinePlus a605007 License ...

  8. Muscle fat may pose higher risk to heart health than other ...

    www.aol.com/muscle-fat-may-pose-higher-180000121...

    Intramuscular fat, contained within muscle tissue, increases the risk of serious heart disease, regardless of other risk factors, a new study suggests.

  9. High-molecular-weight kininogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-molecular-weight...

    HMWK is one of four proteins which interact to initiate the contact activation pathway (also called the intrinsic pathway) of coagulation: the other three are Factor XII, Factor XI and prekallikrein. HMWK is not enzymatically active, and functions only as a cofactor for the activation of kallikrein and factor XII.