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Fruticose or ‘shrubby’ lichens differ from other forms of lichen because their bushy form is attached to the substrate only at the base of the lichen. A continuous algal layer grows around the circumference of the branches of the lichen. [3] Many fruticose lichens have fine, round, hair-like structures and are loosely attached to rocks and ...
[17] [19] However, because the fundamental characteristic of a calicioid lichen is the presence of a mazaedium rather than a stalked fruiting body, a handful of fruticose lichens also fall into this category. [19] Calicioid lichens are generally restricted to old-growth forest, and can be used as indicators of the age and quality of such ...
A fruticose lichen may have flattened "branches", appearing similar to a foliose lichen, but the underside of a leaf-like structure on a fruticose lichen is the same color as the top side. The leaf-like lobes of a foliose lichen may branch, giving the appearance of a fruticose lichen, but the underside will be a different color from the top ...
Other common growth forms are crustose, crustlike lichens that grow tight against, even into, the substrate, and fruticose lichens, which grow as free-standing branches like tiny trees.
Letharia vulpina, commonly known as the wolf lichen (although the species name vulpina, from vulpine relates to the fox), is a fruticose lichenized species of fungus in the family Parmeliaceae. It is bright yellow-green, shrubby and highly branched, and grows on the bark of living and dead conifers in parts of western and continental Europe and ...
Usnea is a genus of fruticose lichens in the large family Parmeliaceae. The genus, which currently contains roughly 130 species, was established by Michel Adanson in 1763. Species in the genus grow like leafless mini-shrubs or tassels anchored on bark or twigs. Members of the genus are commonly called old man's beard, beard lichen, or beard moss.
Ramalina usnea is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. [4] It grows on tree bark across the Americas and parts of East Africa. Growing up to 30 cm (12 in) long, it forms pale greenish-grey branching strands that darken when dry.
Lichen morphology describes the external appearance and structures of a lichen. These can vary considerably from species to species. These can vary considerably from species to species. Lichen growth forms are used to group lichens by "vegetative" thallus types, and forms of "non-vegetative" reproductive parts.