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Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [5] This includes use as an eye ointment to treat conjunctivitis . [ 6 ] By mouth or by injection into a vein , it is used to treat meningitis , plague , cholera , and typhoid fever . [ 5 ]
The production of a β-lactamase by a bacterium does not necessarily rule out all treatment options with β-lactam antibiotics. In some instances, β-lactam antibiotics may be co-administered with a β-lactamase inhibitor. For example, Augmentin (FGP) is made of amoxicillin (a β-lactam antibiotic) and clavulanic acid (a β-lactamase inhibitor).
Amphenicols are a class of antibiotics with a phenylpropanoid structure. They function by blocking the enzyme peptidyl transferase on the 50S ribosome subunit of bacteria. [1] Examples of amphenicols include chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, azidamfenicol, and florfenicol. The first-in-class compound was chloramphenicol, introduced in 1949.
Polymyxin B, sold under the brand name Poly-Rx among others, is an antibiotic used to treat meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infections. [1] While it is useful for many Gram negative infections, it is not useful for Gram positive infections. [1] It can be given by injection into a vein, muscle, or cerebrospinal fluid or inhaled. [1]
Steroid and antibiotic eye drops may cause stinging for one or two minutes when first used and if stinging continues, medical advice should be sought. Also, one should tell their doctor if vision changes occur or if they experience persistent sore throat , fever , easy bleeding or bruising when using drops with chloramphenicol .
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Linezolid binds to the 23S portion of the 50S subunit (the center of peptidyl transferase activity), [9] [101] close to the binding sites of chloramphenicol, lincomycin, and other antibiotics. Due to this unique mechanism of action, cross-resistance between linezolid and other protein synthesis inhibitors is highly infrequent or nonexistent.
SPOILERS BELOW—do not scroll any further if you don't want the answer revealed. The New York Times. Today's Wordle Answer for #1334 on Wednesday, February 12, 2025.