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Levocetirizine, sold under the brand name Xyzal, among others, is a second-generation antihistamine used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and long-term hives of unclear cause. [3] It is less sedating than older antihistamines. [ 4 ]
Mechanism of action ... Levocetirizine (Xyzal) ... An H 3-antihistamine is a classification of drugs used to inhibit the action of histamine at the H 3 receptor.
The unbound or free fraction of levocetirizine has been reported to be 8%. [7] The true volume of distribution of cetirizine is unknown but is estimated to be 0.3 to 0.45 L/kg. [9] [7] Cetirizine poorly and slowly crosses the blood–brain barrier, which is thought to be due to its chemical properties and its activity as a P-glycoprotein substrate.
Beta blockers (Betimol, Istalol, Betoptic): Beta blockers reduce fluid production in the eye, relieving pressure in a similar way but through a different mechanism than prostaglandins.
These agents also commonly have action at α-adrenergic receptors and/or 5-HT receptors. This lack of receptor selectivity is the basis of the poor tolerability profile of some of these agents, especially when compared with the second-generation H 1-antihistamines. Patient response and occurrence of adverse drug reactions vary greatly between ...
The governor said she isn’t opposed to tariffs outright, but they shouldn’t be used to punish the country’s closest trading partners. “Doing so hurts all of us, damaging supply chains ...