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In physics and mathematics, a pseudovector (or axial vector) [2] is a quantity that behaves like a vector in many situations, but its direction does not conform when the object is rigidly transformed by rotation, translation, reflection, etc. This can also happen when the orientation of the space is changed.
It is the modulus of elasticity for tension or axial compression. Young's modulus is defined as the ratio of the stress (force per unit area) applied to the object and the resulting axial strain (displacement or deformation) in the linear elastic region of the material.
In physics and continuum mechanics, deformation is the change in the shape or size of an object. It has dimension of length with SI unit of metre (m). It is quantified as the residual displacement of particles in a non-rigid body, from an initial configuration to a final configuration, excluding the body's average translation and rotation (its rigid transformation). [1]
Such an axial displacement causes the beam to diverge or converge slightly, the result of which is an axially displaced position of the beam waist in the sample chamber. [ 46 ] Visualization of the sample plane is usually accomplished through illumination via a separate light source coupled into the optical path in the opposite direction using ...
Rotation around a fixed axis or axial rotation is a special case of rotational motion around an axis of rotation fixed, stationary, or static in three-dimensional space. This type of motion excludes the possibility of the instantaneous axis of rotation changing its orientation and cannot describe such phenomena as wobbling or precession .
Rotation (angular displacement) of a planar figure around a point Rotational orbit v spin Relations between rotation axis, plane of orbit and axial tilt (for Earth) Mathematically, a rotation is a rigid body movement which, unlike a translation, keeps at least one point fixed. This definition applies to rotations in two dimensions (in a plane ...
These terms are used in descriptions of engineering, physics, and other sciences, as well as ordinary day-to-day discourse. Though these terms themselves may be somewhat ambiguous, they are usually used in a context in which their meaning is clear. For example, when referring to a drive shaft it is clear what is meant by axial or radial directions.
Therefore, currents (axial or electromagnetic) are one of the two essential ingredients needed to compute high-energy scattering, the other being the boson propagator. In electron–nucleon scattering (or more generally, charged lepton–hadron/nucleus scattering) the axial current yields the spin-dependent part of the cross-section. [8] (The ...