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"Punic" derives from the Latin poenus and punicus, which were used mostly to refer to the Carthaginians and other western Phoenicians. These terms derived from the Ancient Greek word Φοῖνιξ ( "Phoinix" ), plural form Φοίνικες ( "Phoinikes" ), which was used indiscriminately to refer to both western and eastern Phoenicians.
Aristotle mentions Carthaginian "associations" similar to the hetairiai of many Greek cities, which were roughly analogous to political parties or interest groups. [134] These were most likely the mizrehim referenced in Carthaginian inscriptions, of which little is known or attested, but which appeared to have been numerous in number and ...
No Carthaginian texts survive that would explain or describe what rituals were performed at the tophet. [87] When Carthaginian inscriptions refer to these locations, they are referred to as bt (temple or sanctuary), or qdš (shrine), not Tophets. This is the same word used for temples in general. [89] [86]
Aeneas tells Dido of the fall of Troy. (Guérin 1815)Carthage was founded by Phoenicians coming from the Levant.The city's name in Phoenician language means "New City". [5] There is a tradition in some ancient sources, such as Philistos of Syracuse, for an "early" foundation date of around 1215 BC – that is before the fall of Troy in 1180 BC; however, Timaeus of Taormina, a Greek historian ...
The Phoenicians were a people from the eastern Mediterranean who were mainly traders from the cities of Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos. They established many trading colonies around the Mediterranean Sea, including colonies in Spain. [2] In the year 814 BC, they founded the city of Carthage on the north African coast in what is now Tunisia. [3]
One theory has espoused the idea that, the destruction of Tyre, Sidon, and Carthage created a Phoenician diaspora not unlike that of the Jews and that the puzzling disappearance of Phoenicians may have been due to the attraction they might have felt for a similarly dispersed people, leading to conversion to Judaism. [8]
Also, both Phoenicians and Carthaginians were well known for their secrecy. [193] [194] Thus, of their ancient writings we have little of major interest left to us by Carthage, or by Phoenicia the country of origin of the city founders. "Of the various Phoenician and Punic compositions alluded to by the ancient classical authors, not a single ...
Similar doubts were raised earlier because our only source on a Punic trader is the play Poenulus and the Carthaginian presented there is a rather humble merchant. An important part of the Punic culture seems to have consisted in their devotion to the gods, and their well-known units, called Sacred Bands by our Greek sources [ specify ] , are ...