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Pre-Islamic Arabia is the Arabian Peninsula and its northern extension in the Syrian Desert before the rise of Islam. This is consistent with how contemporaries used the term Arabia or where they said Arabs lived, which was not limited to the peninsula. [1] Pre-Islamic Arabia included both nomadic and settled populations.
The general consensus among 14th-century Arab genealogists is that Arabs are of three kinds: . Al-Arab al-Ba'ida (Arabic: العرب البائدة), "The Extinct Arabs", were an ancient group of tribes in pre-Islamic Arabia that included the ‘Ād, the Thamud, the Tasm and the Jadis, thelaq (who included branches of Banu al-Samayda), and others.
Al-Uqaysir is a god whose cult image stood in Syria. According to the Book of Idols, his adherents include the tribes of Quda'a, Banu Lakhm, Judhah, Banu Amela, and Ghatafan. Adherents would go on a pilgrimage to the cult image and shave their heads, then mix their hair with wheat, "for every single hair a handful of wheat." [12] Attested: Al ...
The Ishmaelites (Hebrew: יִשְׁמְעֵאלִים, romanized: Yīšməʿēʾlīm; Arabic: بَنِي إِسْمَاعِيل, romanized: Banī Ismā'īl, lit. 'sons of Ishmael') were a collection of various Arab tribes, tribal confederations and small kingdoms described in Abrahamic tradition as being descended from and named after Ishmael, a prophet according to the Quran, the first son of ...
Ya'qubi described a diverse mix of tribes in Jund Filastin, including the pre-Islamic Lakhm and Judham, and the post-conquest 'Amilah, Kinda, Qays, and Kinana. [14] Ya'qubi reported that the Banu Judham resided in the area of Bayt Jibrin. [37] The Nessana papyri list 59 clans and mention two tribes, Judham and Qays. [14]
Late pre-Islamic to Islamic settlement Masafi: Ras Al Khaimah 1300–300 BCE Iron Age finds Mleiha: Sharjah 5300–300 BCE Settlement through Ubaid, Hafit, Umm Al Nar, Wadi Suq and Iron Age to Hellenistic Mleiha & pre-Islamic periods Muweilah: Sharjah 1100–600 BCE Iron Age II settlement Qattara Oasis: Abu Dhabi 1800–1500 BCE
Pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions are an important source for the learning about the history and culture of pre-Islamic Arabia. In recent decades, their study has shown that the Arabic script evolved from the Nabataean script and that pre-Islamic Arabian monotheism was the prevalent form of religion by the fifth century.
This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day.