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The "Objectivity" of Knowledge in Social Science and Social Policy (German: Die 'Objektivität' sozialwissenschaftlicher und sozialpolitischer Erkenntnis) is a 1904 essay written by Max Weber, a German economist and sociologist, originally published in German in the 1904 issues of the Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialforschung.
It reintroduces the basic assumptions of positivism: the possibility and desirability of objective truth, and the use of experimental methodology. The work of philosophers Nancy Cartwright and Ian Hacking are representative of these ideas. [citation needed] Postpositivism of this type is described in social science guides to research methods. [7]
The Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is an open access research platform that functions as a repository for sharing early-stage research [1] and the rapid dissemination of scholarly research in the social sciences, humanities, life sciences, and health sciences, among others.
In the latter half of the nineteenth-century, objectivity in science was born when a new practice of mechanical objectivity appeared. [1]: 121 " 'Let nature speak for itself' became the watchword of a new brand of scientific objectivity."
Research in science and in social science is a long, slow and difficult process that sometimes produces false results because of methodological weaknesses and in rare cases because of fraud, so that reliance on any one study is inadvisable. [4]
The root of the words subjectivity and objectivity are subject and object, philosophical terms that mean, respectively, an observer and a thing being observed.The word subjectivity comes from subject in a philosophical sense, meaning an individual who possesses unique conscious experiences, such as perspectives, feelings, beliefs, and desires, [1] [3] or who (consciously) acts upon or wields ...
To attain objectivity, science must permit and engage with "transformative criticism". [8] Longino (1990, 2001) has developed most fully a conception of objectivity based on democratic discussion. Her key idea is that the production of knowledge is a social enterprise, secured through the critical and cooperative interactions of inquirers.
Communism in science requires a strong opposition to the commodification of scientific research to serve capitalistic interests. Instead, it advocates for commonly owned scientific knowledge. Common ownership of scientific goods is integral to science: "a scientists' claim to 'his' intellectual 'property' is limited to that of recognition and ...