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A perfect octahedron belongs to the point group O h. Examples of octahedral compounds are sulfur hexafluoride SF 6 and molybdenum hexacarbonyl Mo(CO) 6 . The term "octahedral" is used somewhat loosely by chemists, focusing on the geometry of the bonds to the central atom and not considering differences among the ligands themselves.
A cube has the same set of symmetries, since it is the polyhedron that is dual to an octahedron. The group of orientation-preserving symmetries is S 4 , the symmetric group or the group of permutations of four objects, since there is exactly one such symmetry for each permutation of the four diagonals of the cube.
Structural distortion analysis Determination of regular and irregular distorted octahedral molecular geometry; Octahedral distortion parameters [5] [6] [7] Volume of the octahedron; Tilting distortion parameter for perovskite complex [8] Molecular graphics. 3D modelling of complex; Display of the eight faces of octahedron
(To some extent rotation influences the geometry via Coriolis forces and centrifugal distortion, but this is negligible for the present discussion.) In addition to translation and rotation, a third type of motion is molecular vibration , which corresponds to internal motions of the atoms such as bond stretching and bond angle variation.
A regular octahedron is an octahedron that is a regular polyhedron. All the faces of a regular octahedron are equilateral triangles of the same size, and exactly four triangles meet at each vertex. A regular octahedron is convex, meaning that for any two points within it, the line segment connecting them lies entirely within it.
The ideal tetrahedron, cube, octahedron, and dodecahedron form respectively the order-6 tetrahedral honeycomb, order-6 cubic honeycomb, order-4 octahedral honeycomb, and order-6 dodecahedral honeycomb; here the order refers to the number of cells meeting at each edge. However, the ideal icosahedron does not tile space in the same way.
The Jahn–Teller effect (JT effect or JTE) is an important mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking in molecular and solid-state systems which has far-reaching consequences in different fields, and is responsible for a variety of phenomena in spectroscopy, stereochemistry, crystal chemistry, molecular and solid-state physics, and materials science.
octahedron of octahedra 4,4'-(C 6 H 3 (2-Et)NH 3 +) 2 salt [50] 3rd row. 3rd Transition Series Complex colour electron config. structure geometry comments