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Recently, the FDA approved two small BRAF-specific inhibitors: vemurafenib (Zelboraf) for BRAF V600E-positive advanced RAI-refractory thyroid cancer and dabrafenib (Tafinlar) for BRAF V600E-mutated metastatic PTC.
In this review, we provide an overview on the current knowledge concerning the mechanisms leading to resistance to BRAF inhibitors in human thyroid carcinomas and discuss the potential therapeutic strategies, including combinations of BRAF inhibitors with other targeted agents, which might be employed to overcome drug resistance and potentiate ...
In this review, we discuss the role of BRAF mutations in thyroid cancer, the efficacy of the selective BRAF inhibitors against thyroid cancer and other BRAF-driven malignancies, mechanisms of resistance to BRAF-inhibition-based treatment, and possible combination strategies that may overcome such resistance. We will also describe the toxicity ...
The types of targeted drugs used to treat thyroid cancer are known as kinase inhibitors. Kinases are proteins inside cells that normally relay signals (such as telling the cell to grow). Blocking certain kinases can help treat some cancers. Targeted drugs for papillary or follicular thyroid cancer.
BRAF V600E-driven tumors exhibit high Extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, leading to unregulated cell proliferation and inhibition of the required genes for radioiodine responsiveness in thyroid cancer.
Brauner E, Gunda V, Vanden Borre P, et al. Combining BRAF inhibitor and anti PD-L1 antibody dramatically improves tumor regression and anti tumor immunity in an immunocompetent murine model of anaplastic thyroid cancer.
Resistance mechanisms in patients with ATC treated with BRAF inhibitors remain an area of active investigation; however, this particular RAS mutation has been previously reported as a mechanism of resistance in a patient with papillary thyroid cancer 13 and an individual with ATC. 15 These tumors could be using this alternate pathway as a ...
Within the subtypes of classic papillary thyroid carcinoma and follicular-variant papillary thyroid carcinoma, recurrence rates were statistically higher in BRAF mutation–positive PTC compared with BRAF mutation–negative PTC.
In the current review, we explore the role of EGFR/BRAF alterations in thyroid carcinoma in conjunction with the corresponding anti-EGFR/BRAF TKI-based novel therapeutic strategies for patients with specific genetic signatures.
Abstract. Activating mutations in the gene encoding BRAF are the most commonly identified oncogenic abnormalities in papillary thyroid cancer. In vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated that overexpression of activated BRAF induces malignant transformation and aggressive tumour behaviour.