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A meat alternative or meat substitute (also called plant-based meat, mock meat, or alternative protein), [1] is a food product made from vegetarian or vegan ingredients, eaten as a replacement for meat. Meat alternatives typically approximate qualities of specific types of meat, such as mouthfeel, flavor, appearance, or chemical characteristics.
This is a list of meat substitutes. A meat substitute, also called a meat analogue, approximates certain aesthetic qualities (primarily texture, flavor and appearance) or chemical characteristics of a specific meat. Substitutes are often based on soybeans (such as tofu and tempeh), gluten, or peas. [1]
Except where stated, the list of INS numbers and associated food additives is based on the most recent publication of the Codex Alimentarius, [2] Class Names and the International Numbering System for Food Additives, first published in 1989, with revisions in 2008 and 2011. E number and American approval flags are derived from other sources.
Thaumatin – flavor enhancer, artificial sweetener; Theine – Thermally oxidised soya bean oil – emulsifier; Thiabendazole – preservative; Thiamine (Vitamin B1) – Thiodipropionic acid – antioxidant; Thujaplicins – preservatives registered in Japan [15] Thyme – used as a flavor, particularly as seasoning for meat products.
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste, appearance, or other sensory qualities. Some additives, such as vinegar ( pickling ), salt ( salting ), smoke ( smoking ) and sugar ( crystallization ), have been used for centuries to preserve food .
In 2011, about US$10.6 billion were generated with the sale of flavors; the majority of the flavors used are consumed in ultra-processed food and convenience food. [27] The number of food smells is unbounded; a food's flavor, therefore, can be easily altered by changing its smell while keeping its taste similar.
Spices for flavor, such as pepper, garlic, coriander, cinnamon, cumin, nutmeg, paprika, and allspice Meat stock to intensify meat flavors Yeast extract for savoriness
Dips – Dip or dipping sauce is a common condiment for many types of food. Dips are used to add flavor or texture to a food. List of common dips; Paste – Food paste is a semi-liquid colloidal suspension, emulsion, or aggregation used in food preparation or eaten directly as a spread. [23] Pastes are often highly spicy or aromatic. List of ...