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Treatment with supplemental oxygen may improve their well-being; alternatively, in some this can lead to the adverse effect of elevating the carbon dioxide content in the blood (hypercapnia) to levels that may become toxic. [3] [4] With normal lung function, a stimulation to take another breath occurs when a patient has a slight rise in PaCO 2.
Hypoxia can be due to external causes, when the breathing gas is hypoxic, or internal causes, such as reduced effectiveness of gas transfer in the lungs, reduced capacity of the blood to carry oxygen, compromised general or local perfusion, or inability of the affected tissues to extract oxygen from, or metabolically process, an adequate supply ...
Generally, it is used either post-cardiopulmonary bypass or in late-stage treatment of a person with profound heart and/or lung failure, although it is now seeing use as a treatment for cardiac arrest in certain centers, allowing treatment of the underlying cause of arrest while circulation and oxygenation are supported.
The health regulator has cleared the drug's use as an add-on treatment for some adults with inadequately controlled chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a condition that progressively ...
[2] [7] Higher oxygen concentrations can also increase the risk of airway fires, particularly while smoking. [1] Oxygen therapy can also dry out the nasal mucosa without humidification. [ 1 ] In most conditions, an oxygen saturation of 94–96% is adequate, while in those at risk of carbon dioxide retention , saturations of 88–92% are preferred.
Medically, bronchodilatation is used in the treatment of certain respiratory disorders, where it can reduce respiratory symptoms and/or improve lung function. Pharmacologically, bronchodilatation is achieved via bronchodilators. [1] [2]