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  2. Glossary of literary terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_literary_terms

    Also apophthegm. A terse, pithy saying, akin to a proverb, maxim, or aphorism. aposiopesis A rhetorical device in which speech is broken off abruptly and the sentence is left unfinished. apostrophe A figure of speech in which a speaker breaks off from addressing the audience (e.g., in a play) and directs speech to a third party such as an opposing litigant or some other individual, sometimes ...

  3. Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

    The English word civilization comes from the French civilisé ('civilized'), from Latin: civilis ('civil'), related to civis ('citizen') and civitas ('city'). [14] The fundamental treatise is Norbert Elias 's The Civilizing Process (1939), which traces social mores from medieval courtly society to the early modern period .

  4. List of common false etymologies of English words - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common_false...

    Shit: The word "shit" did not originate as an acronym for "Ship High in Transit", a label falsely said to have been used on shipments of manure to prevent them from becoming waterlogged and releasing explosive methane gas. [8] [12] The word comes from Old English scitte, and is of Proto-Germanic origin. [13] [14]

  5. English literature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_literature

    English literature is literature written in the English language from the English-speaking world.The English language has developed over more than 1,400 years. [1] The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English.

  6. Literature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature

    Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially novels, plays, and poems. [1] It includes both print and digital writing. [2] In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include oral literature, much of which has been transcribed.

  7. Diction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diction

    Diction (Latin: dictionem (nom. dictio), "a saying, expression, word"), [1] in its original meaning, is a writer's or speaker's distinctive vocabulary choices and style of expression in a piece of writing such as a poem or story.

  8. Gloss (annotation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloss_(annotation)

    A gloss is a brief notation, especially a marginal or interlinear one, of the meaning of a word or wording in a text. It may be in the language of the text or in the reader's language if that is different. A collection of glosses is a glossary.

  9. Poetic diction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetic_diction

    Poetic diction is the term used to refer to the linguistic style, the vocabulary, and the metaphors used in the writing of poetry.In the Western tradition, all these elements were thought of as properly different in poetry and prose up to the time of the Romantic revolution, when William Wordsworth challenged the distinction in his Romantic manifesto, the Preface to the second (1800) edition ...