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First attested in English in the late 19th century, the Italian word timpani derives from the Latin tympanum (pl. tympana), which is the latinisation of the Greek word τύμπανον (tumpanon, pl. tumpana), 'a hand drum', [3] which in turn derives from the verb τύπτω (tuptō), meaning 'to strike, to hit'. [4]
A percussion section with pitched percussion (tubular bells, background), auxiliary percussion (crash cymbals, suspended cymbal, snare drum and bass drum) and timpani (foreground) in use. The percussion section is one of the main divisions of the orchestra and the concert band. It includes most percussion instruments and all unpitched instruments.
Although there is no exhaustive list of all instruments that an orchestral percussionist must be able to play, there are particular instruments that are frequently used in the orchestral repertoire. This includes timpani, snare drum, bass drum, xylophone, glockenspiel, triangle, cymbals, and tambourine. [1]
Orchestra: orchestra, orig. Greek orkesthai "dance" An ensemble of instruments Piano(forte) soft-loud: A keyboard instrument Piccolo: little: A tiny woodwind instrument Sordun: deaf, dull in sound: An archaic double-reed wind instrument Timpani: drums: Large drums Tuba: tube: A large brass instrument Viola: viola, orig. Latin vitulari "be joyful"
The orchestra is divided into four groups (five if a keyboard instrument is used) and specified as follows: [1] Woodwind instruments: flutes, oboes, clarinets, saxophones (if one or more are needed), bassoons; Brass instruments: horns, trumpets, trombones, tubas; Percussion: timpani, snare drum, bass drum, chimes, etc.
By the 17th century, the timpani moved indoors for good and composers began to demand more from timpanists than ever before. The timpani was first introduced to the court orchestras and opera ensembles as well as in larger church works. [7] Due to this move indoors, a much more formalized way of playing and approaching the timpani was developed.
The first is a Baroque orchestra (i.e., J.S. Bach, Handel, Vivaldi), which generally had a smaller number of performers, and in which one or more chord-playing instruments, the basso continuo group (e.g., harpsichord or pipe organ and assorted bass instruments to perform the bassline), played an important role; the second is a typical classical ...
Meaning respectively "measured song" or "figured song". Originally used by medieval music theorists, it refers to polyphonic song with exactly measured notes and is used in contrast to cantus planus. [2] [3] capo 1. capo (short for capotasto: "nut") : A key-changing device for stringed instruments (e.g. guitars and banjos)