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Integer overflow handling in various programming languages Language Unsigned integer Signed integer Ada: modulo the type's modulus: raise Constraint_Error: C, C++: modulo power of two: undefined behavior C#: modulo power of 2 in unchecked context; System.OverflowException is raised in checked context [10] Java
In C the use of any automatic variable before it has been initialized yields undefined behavior, as does integer division by zero, signed integer overflow, indexing an array outside of its defined bounds (see buffer overflow), or null pointer dereferencing. In general, any instance of undefined behavior leaves the abstract execution machine in ...
In C++, because dereferencing a null pointer is undefined behavior, compiler optimizations may cause other checks to be removed, leading to vulnerabilities elsewhere in the code. [29] [30] Some lists may also include race conditions (concurrent reads/writes to shared memory) as being part of memory safety (e.g., for access control).
C and C++ distinguish implementation-defined behavior from unspecified behavior. For implementation-defined behavior, the implementation must choose a particular behavior and document it. An example in C/C++ is the size of integer data types. The choice of behavior must be consistent with the documented behavior within a given execution of the ...
To User:Namezero111111 and other editors who are changing the example which uses pointer arithmetic (via array subscripting) to produce undefined behaviour, please refer to ISO/IEC 9899:1999 §6.5.6 ¶8: "When an expression that has integer type is added or subtracted from a pointer, the result has the type of the pointer operand… If both the ...
Note that the integer data type in most programming languages only follows the algebra for the mathematics integers in the absence of integer overflow and that floating-point arithmetic on the floating point data type available in most programming languages is not commutative in rounding effects, making effects of the order of expression ...
In addition to the assumption about bit-representation of floating-point numbers, the above floating-point type-punning example also violates the C language's constraints on how objects are accessed: [3] the declared type of x is float but it is read through an expression of type unsigned int.
In object-oriented computer programming, a null object is an object with no referenced value or with defined neutral (null) behavior.The null object design pattern, which describes the uses of such objects and their behavior (or lack thereof), was first published as "Void Value" [1] and later in the Pattern Languages of Program Design book series as "Null Object".