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Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity.
Academic authorship of journal articles, books, and other original works is a means by which academics communicate the results of their scholarly work, establish priority for their discoveries, and build their reputation among their peers.
Being named as an author on many papers is good for an academic's career. Failure to adhere to authorship standards is rarely punished. [ 52 ] To avoid misreported authorship, a requirement that all authors describe the contribution they made to the study ("movie-style credits") has been advocated for. [ 53 ]
The term or article title appears in the author position. Use sentence case for multiple-word terms or titles, where you capitalize the first word, the first word after a colon, and proper nouns. The proper in-text citation is ("Plagiarism," 2004) for a paraphrased passage or ("Plagiarism," 2004, para. #) if you directly quote the material.
The copyright notice must also contain the year in which the work was first published (or created), and the name of the copyright owner, which may be the author (including the legal author/owner of a work made for hire), one or more joint authors, or the person or entity to whom the copyright has been transferred.
The post-nominal letters are only used on film credits as a certification mark that certifies that the credited film producer performed a major portion of the film's producing duties. [ 140 ] Portfolio Management Professional
Where there is doubt that the paid editor owns the copyright, they (or the employer or author) are advised to forward a release from the copyright holder to the Volunteer Response Team (permissions-en wikimedia.org). See WP:PERMISSION for how to do this and Wikipedia:Declaration of consent for all enquiries for a sample letter.
Short caption – Infoboxes for things that change over time can mention the year of the image briefly, e.g. "Cosby in 2010" for . If the image is of a person doing that for which they are known at an otherwise common event, the correct verb delivers the message, e.g. "Jackson performing in 1988" for Michael Jackson .