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  2. Echinoderm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinoderm

    The characteristics of adult echinoderms are the possession of a water vascular system with external tube feet and a stereom endoskeleton. Stereom is a calcareous material consisting of ossicles connected by a mesh of collagen fibres, which is unique to this phylum.

  3. List of echinoderm orders - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_echinoderm_orders

    A brittle star, Ophionereis reticulata A sea cucumber from Malaysia Starfish exhibit a wide range of colours. This List of echinoderm orders concerns the various classes and orders into which taxonomists categorize the roughly 7000 extant species [1] as well as the extinct species of the exclusively marine phylum Echinodermata.

  4. Water vascular system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vascular_system

    The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by echinoderms, such as sea stars and sea urchins, for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration. [1] The system is composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet .

  5. Sea cucumber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_cucumber

    The echinoderms are mainly distinguished from other phyla by their body plan and organization. The earliest sea cucumbers are known from the middle Ordovician, over 450 million years ago. [35] The apodida is the sister group to the other orders of sea cucumbers. [36] All echinoderms share three main characteristics.

  6. Sea urchin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_urchin

    Sea urchins or urchins (/ ˈ ɜːr tʃ ɪ n z /) are typically spiny, globular animals, echinoderms in the class Echinoidea. About 950 species live on the seabed, inhabiting all oceans and depth zones from the intertidal to 5,000 metres (16,000 ft; 2,700 fathoms). [1]

  7. Culcita (echinoderm) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culcita_(echinoderm)

    Culcita (echinoderm) 7 languages. ... Description and characteristics. These are very particular stars, plump and pillow-shaped, more or less pentagonal. Their five ...

  8. Eleutherozoa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleutherozoa

    Eleutherozoa is a subphylum of echinoderms. They are mobile animals with the mouth directed towards the substrate. They usually have a madreporite, tube feet, and moveable spines of some sort. It includes all living echinoderms except for crinoids. The monophyly of Eleutherozoa has been proven sufficiently well to be considered "uncontroversial ...

  9. Ossicle (echinoderm) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossicle_(echinoderm)

    Ossicles are small calcareous elements embedded in the dermis of the body wall of echinoderms. They form part of the endoskeleton and provide rigidity and protection. They are found in different forms and arrangements in sea urchins, starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, and crinoids. The ossicles and spines (which are specialised sharp ...