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Echinococcus granulosus, also called the hydatid worm or dog tapeworm, is a cyclophyllid cestode that dwells in the small intestine of canids as an adult, but which has important intermediate hosts such as livestock and humans, where it causes cystic echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease. The adult tapeworm ranges in length from 3 mm to ...
Tapeworm members of the fish tapeworm. Cats are also a less suitable final host for the fish tapeworm (diphyllobothrium latum). It grows in cats up to 1.5 m. long and 2 cm wide. The fish tapeworm requires two intermediate hosts: in the first , the procercoid, which is infectious to mammals, forms in the abdominal cavity and muscle of fish.
The second most common form is alveolar echinococcosis (also known as alveolar colloid of the liver, alveolar hydatid disease, alveolococcosis, multilocular echinococcosis, "small fox tapeworm"), which is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis and the third is polycystic echinococcosis (also known as human polycystic hydatid disease, neotropical ...
Another strategy is to have very long-lived larvae; for example, in Echinococcus, the hydatid larvae can survive for ten years or more in humans and other vertebrate hosts, giving the tapeworm an exceptionally long time window in which to find another host. [23] Many tapeworms have a two-phase life cycle with two types of host.
Echinococcus multilocularis, the fox tapeworm, is a small cyclophyllid tapeworm found extensively in the northern hemisphere. E. multilocularis, along with other members of the Echinococcus genus (especially E. granulosus ), produce diseases known as echinococcosis .
The origin of these parasites based on host-parasite co-evolution comparisons was North America or Asia, depending on whether the ancestral definitive hosts were canids or felids. Echinococcus oligarthrus and Echinococcus vogeli are basal in this genus. [6] The genus is a sister to the genus Taenia from which it diverged more than 10 million ...
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